GINGIVAL RECESSION

 WHAT IS GINGIVAL RECESSION ?

It is defined as the exposure of the root surface by a shift in the position of the gingiva.

ETIOLOGY:

1. Plaque induced gingivitis

2. Plaque induced periodontitis

3. Age

4.Faulty tooth brushing

5.Tooth malposition

6. Gingival inflammation

7.Trauma from occlusion

TYPES OF RECESSION:

1. Visible.

2. Hidden.

3. Localised.

4. Generalised.

5. Narrow.

6. Shallow.

 
    

MILLERS CLASSIFICATION OF RECESSION:

CLASS 1: Marginal tissue recession not extending to the mucogingival junction. 

                   No loss of interdental bone/ soft tissue.

CLASS 2: Marginal tissue recession extends to or beyond the mucogingival junction. 

                  No loss of interdental bone / soft tissue.

CLASS 3: Marginal tissue recession extends to or beyond the mucogingival junction

                  Loss of interdental bone /soft tissue is apical to the CEJ, but coronal to the apical extent of                       marginal tissue recession.

CLASS 4: Marginal tissue recession extends beyond the mucogingival junction .

                  Loss of interdental bone extends to a level apical to the extent of the marginal tissue                                recession.

 

     

WHAT CAN GINGIVAL RECESSION LEAD TO ?

 

1.The exposed root surface are susceptible to caries. 

2.Abrasion /erosion of the cementum leading to sensitivity.

3.Interproximal recession creates oral hygiene problems & results in plaque accumulation.

4. Finally resulting in aesthetically unacceptable teeth.

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PERICORONITIS

 WHAT IS PERICORONITIS:

                                               It refers to swelling & infection of gum tissues around the wisdom teeth, the third & final set of molars.Most commonly noticed around the lower third molars.

 

CAUSES OF PERICORONITIS:  

This occurs around a wisdom tooth that has failed to erupt or has only partially erupted. 

A partially erupted wisdom tooth can leave a flap of gum tissue that collects food particles & other debris , which acts as a ideal breading ground for bacteria.

Trauma caused to the soft tissue flap in mandibular 3rd molars by the cusps of the opposing maxillary 3rd molar.

SYMPTOMS:

1.The overlying soft tissue shows 4 signs of inflammation namely, pain,redness, swelling & warmth.

2. Trismus.

3. Chills, fever, malaise & halitosis are present.

4. Painful, swollen gum tissue near the affected tooth with/ without pus discharge will be seen.

5. In certain cases swelling in that part of face, swollen lymph nodes & jaw spasms are also noted.

TREATMENT:

1. CONSERVATIVE METHOD:  Management of pain & resolving the pericoronal inflammation or infection .

2. SURGICAL REMOVAL OF OVERLYING FLAP: Minor surgery to remove the overlapping gingival tissue (OPERCULECTOMY).This is to be done when the molars can be useful for chewing & there is a desire to keep the tooth, minor oral surgery can be performed to remove the operculum. This will allow better access to properly clean the area & prevent the accumulation of bacteria & food debris.

3.SURGICAL REMOVAL OF TOOTH